OLÓGÈ: LASUED INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF HUMANITIES EDUCATION (OLIJHE)
OLÓGÈ LASUED International Journal of Humanities Education (OLIJHE), a publication of the College of Humanities Education, Lagos State University of Education, Oto/Ijanikin, with a campus @ Odo-Noforija, Epe, Nigeria provides an outlet for research results and activities in Humanities, Humanities pedagogies and related disciplines for the promotion of scholarship and in-depth academic discourse in the Humanities and her pedagogies. This Journal is research based and blind peer-reviewed, provides a forum for scholars and academics of the humanities and related disciplines and her pedagogies to focus on contemporary issues affecting professional practice or the discipline using well known and established research traditions and reporting formats. The Journal offers the Nigerian, African and global perspectives on contemporary issues in the Humanities and her pedagogies and remains a credible and scholarly platform for early career and established scholars of the Humanities to share their well-researched and well-written research outcomes to the global academic community.
Lagos State University of Education, Oto/Ijanikin,with a campus@Noforija, Epe.
A Survey of Tunde Kelani's Interpretations in the Adaptations of Akinwumi Isola's O Le ku (It is Complicated) and Yinka Egbokhare's
Adaptation is an age long phenomenon in the arts. Life writings were adapted into novels and largely novels to plays. The trends continue to date. Adaptations are meant to artistically metamorphose a previous creative endeavour into a new one. An artistic work from one genre is transformed into another genre without losing sight of the thematic preoccupation of the source. Tunde Kelani adapted Akinwumi Isola's classic Yoruba Novel O le ku (It is Complicated) and Yinka Egbokhare's novel, Dazzling Mirage into films of the same titles, thus bringing the thesis of both works to a wider and heterogeneous audience. Despite the artistic and box office success of both films, and many essays on the film versions of the two novels, the extent of Tunde Kelani's fidelity to the thematic preoccupations and aesthetic considerations of the original works has not been academically interrogated. Therefore, this study examines the extent of Kelani's faithfulness to the ideology and aesthetic qualities of the original works. The primary data for the study depended on content analysis, structured interview and focused group discussion (FGD). Thus, the Akinwumi Isola's O le ku and Yinka Egbokhare's Dazzling Mirage and Tunde Keleni's cinematic adaptations were content analyzed. Both the literary and audio-visual versions was subjected to seasoned focused group discussion (FGD). The film producer and director; Tunde Kelani was interviewed. Secondary data were sourced from a review of relevant literature. Sarris' Auteur Theory was adopted to drive the discourse. The paper argues that the differences in the media of expression significantly influenced the minor discrepancies between the literary texts and their screen versions. It also argues that Kelani's box office target distracted him for a flawless fidelity to the original works. The study concludes that cineastes should enlist literary experts, who are knowledgeable about the principle of adaptation, and film critics in their production crew.
Adaptation, Auteur, Cineaste, Film, Genre
ADENIYI, Kehinde Abimbola (PhD) ADENIYI, Kehinde Abimbola (PhD
BABATOPE, Johnson Babafemi (PhD) BABATOPE, Johnson Babafemi (PhD)
Copyright (c) 2025 Lagos State University of Education
Second level meanings of names in Je k'a so Yoruba and Je k'a ka Yoruba: Reflections on and extension of content.
This paper will focus on the names of some characters in two Yoruba language-learning textbooks written by Antonia Schleicher (1993 and 1998). The focus is more on the literature inherent in language learning. The chapter will also direct attention to how names add to the stories by providing cultural pointers for the learners during and after reading the specially constructed monologue or dialogue. Names such as those chosen for two sisters in a story in Je k'a ka Yoruba, Kilanko and Omoleré will be used to illustrate the notion that writers choose names carefully to extend the plot. The question to ask will include why Kilanko in the story is the bad girl while Omoleéreé is the child of profit (or a profitable child) in the same story. King (1998) explains that, names speak of a condition of the spirit through which the name bearer gains ground for locating self and elucidating his or her reason for existing” (p. 3). The writer presents the reason for existing by creating situations in which the characters live out their lives. Characters, unlike human beings, justify their existence in a plot or a narrative as planned by the writer. The other language learning book (Je k'a ka Yoruba) for intermediate learners written by Schleicher, (1998) is also not in short supply of names, which point to interesting cultural meanings. A reader may want to know why a street is named Témidire (mine has turned into blessing) and the local chiefnamed Elder Bamitale who is 65 years old. Do these names give away the plot to insiders of the culture while outsiders need someone to unlock the wisdom in the names? Apart from a deconstruction of the names, are there other pedagogical issues that can be derived from names of characters in monologues and dialogues in the two books under review?
Je k'd ka Yoruba, Je k'a so Yoruba, Yoruba names, cultural identity, language learning
Relocating Learning Delivery in Acting and Directing from the Traditional Performance Space onto Cyber Space during the Covid-19 Lockdown in Nigeria.
The March to October 2020 lockdown, occasioned by the COVID-19 pandemic, crippled learning delivery totally in acting and directing at the University of Ibadan. Where other courses swiftly adapted and moved online, it was very tough to relocate acting and directing because the traditional methods of facilitating the courses privilege physical contact, sharing and teamwork above all else. Performing arts, theatre, music and dance, which had thrived in in-person engagement, suffered greatly. The Covid 19 pandemic necessitated a total lockdown of the universities, whereby all students were to observe social distancing, so they could not gather in the same space for any of these kinds of interaction. This paper examines the manner in which the transition from actual to virtual spaces was effected and its impact on learning delivery in acting and directing. It gauges the effectiveness of the online substitutes against traditional interactive sessions by examining what is lost and gained in the absence of embodied enactment and instinctive material interactivity central to the performing arts. This study further interrogates the threat the lockdown poses to acting and directing training delivery and examines the practicality of online learning and the breaking of the spatial barrier between acting and directing in classrooms and the digital learning workshop. The study finds that accessibility to online performance spaces, especially in under-served communities, was a major challenge for the students. With poor internet service and high data costs, many students lacked working access to adequate data and digital resources and, as such, received inadequate learning and online support. It is concluded in the paper that whether watching a performance or performing, those who share the space are not just in space; their interrelationship shapes the shared space. This shaping of shared space and associated embodied exchanges are at the heart of the challenge to reimagine the performance space in the context of COVID-19 or any future pandemic.
COVID-19, pandemic, performing arts, University of Ibadan, learning, online performance
Examining Islamic Moral Values in Ruta Sepetys' Salt to The Sea
Moral value has been presented in human life as long as civilisation existed. It gives guidance to its holders on what is right and what is wrong to do. Moral values have been inserted in literary works in order to help people understand their lives, and those can be used as guidelines or life perspectives when carrying out a behaviour or attitude. Novelists have intended to instil their moral values and beliefs in their novels, regardless of what their religions are. The purpose of this study was to identify Islamic moral values in Ruta Sepetys' novel Salt to the Sea. Using a qualitative content analysis method with the novel as the research subject, this study focuses on Islamic moral ideals expressed by the novel's main characters. The findings revealed eight Islamic moral values in Salt to The Sea: friendliness to family (hablumminannas), intelligence (fathanah), contentment (qana'ah), charity (as-sakha), tolerance (tasamuh), helpfulness (ta'awun), trustworthiness (amanah), and honesty (shiddiq).
English Literature; Islamic Moral Values; Ruta Sepety; “Salt to The Sea” novel.
Examining Electoral malpractice and challenges of Nigeria's democratic consolidation through a biblical perspective
Election in any democratic society is meant for people to choose their representatives in the government. It is a complex process that involves the registration of voters, collection of voter's cards and the casting of votes at polling units on the day of election. A survey of Nigeria's elections from the first to the Fourth Republic reveals that they are marred by various forms of malpractices ranging from the use of thugs for intimidation of opponents, snatching of ballot boxes, underage voting, use of fake ballot papers, bribery, manipulation of results and so on. This paper examines the causes and effects of electoral malpractices on Nigeria's democracy in the Fourth Republic. It also aims to proffer solutions to these problems through Biblical injunctions. The research methods used are historical, analytical and hermeneutical methodologies. Primary and secondary sources are used to gather information. The findings reveal that election malpractice triumphed in Nigeria as a result of poverty, illiteracy, greed, over- ambition of politicians, etc. It is recommended that Nigerian politicians follow the precepts of the scriptures by removing all forms of envy and selfish ambitions (James 3:16) for Nigeria's democracy to strife.
lection, electoral system, electoral malpractice, democracy, politics and morality
Reinvigorating Social Values in Lagos State Schools Through the Islamic Perspective
One of the fundamental objectives of educating children is to imbibe positive attitudes and develop logical thinking in the younger generation, school children and graduates towards facing life-threatening social degeneration. But it is an undeniable fact that bad influence culminating into several vices such as truancy, cultism, raping, and gangsterism, among others, a by-product of many schools and graduates, become worrisome to all stakeholders and respected members of society. This paper centres on propounding ways of curbing and reducing social vices in Lagos State schools , especially during this period when mal-adaptiveness is on the increase daily. Islamic education has been argued to be of great relevance in remoulding wayward children/students and inculcating the right and sound values that will make them become responsible citizens in the society. This paper addresses the rampant problem of indecent youths' behaviour in society and methodologically advocates social virtues using texts from the Qur'an and Hadith. The result shows that parents and teachers would be proud of their children/students if such virtues are taken into consideration on a daily basis in both schools and at home among the youths. It, therefore, recommends that social virtues and the reward attached to each in Islamdom be preached. Likewise, the paper concludes that social vices should attract punishments as enshrined in Islamic texts should also be promulgated.
Islamic Education, Lagos State, social value, vices, virtues
Application of ICT tools to the teaching and learning of History in the 21st century Nigeria
Pedagogical understanding of history teachers is driven by certain factors such as the needs of leaners, availability of resource materials, introduction of modern technology system, changes associated with curriculum, as well as national events. In relation to modern technology as a means of communication, digital tools in teaching history are very important to supplement traditional teaching methods. Digitalization is an innovation that has changed the world. The impact of digitalization on the activities of man in different areas such as medicine, tourism, economics, law, engineering and politics, among others, cannot be underestimated as it has improved man's effectiveness and efficiency in diverse aspects of existence. However, such cannot be said of History as a discipline, this is because the discipline has only made little or no significant landmark in incorporating this innovative ideology (ICT) to aid the discipline and also encourage effective teaching atmosphere. However, a major objective in this regard is not to completely replace traditional teaching methods but rather, make such methods more effective. Thus, the end-goal of using digital tools in history class is in threefold: first, to simplify complex historical discourse; second, enhance students' learning experience and third, help teacher to teach better. st Considering its prospect in this regard and for the fact that twenty-first (21) century education is mainly ICT-based, Nigerian history teachers cannot afford to be left behind in the utilization of this potent innovation in teaching history. This paper therefore, addresses the primary function of digitization through the knowledge of Information and Communication Technology (ICT), which is to make available relevant methods that can be adopted to proffer st a lasting solution to certain problems confronted by teachers and learners/students of history in the twentieth-first (21) century Nigeria. This work submits that the adoption of Information and Communication Technology (ICT) has the capacity to add value to the traditional methods of teaching history, which can also make students/leaners to embrace the discipline.
History, Information and communication technology, Pedagogy, Nigeria, Education.
Exploring songs' utilization in Nollywood productions through a study of Yorub̀ a ́ cultural songs in Femi Lasode's film – S̩ÀNGO
The study focuses on musical genre, examining the roles of selected cultural music soundtrack in Femi Lasode's film – Ṣàngó. This paper investigates the contributions of the functional use of songs for soundtracks as a tool to enhance the aesthetics of Nollywood film productions. Songs being musical phrases uttered, typically forming a recognisable and repeated sequence, is a language used in conveying messages, particularly the Yoruba cultural songs inherent in the selected film through which musical values are generated. It is a historical film revolving around the legendary king, and it reflects the Yoruba cultural philosophies concerning traditional science and metaphysical power. It also entails the political shenanigan and war problems that ravaged Yoruba land in the 15th century. Adopting Critical Theory and Cultural Studies theory, the article uses qualitative research modalities, verbal content analysis and direct observation methods to examine the issue. Findings revealed that the lyrics of the selected songs for soundtracks in Ṣàngó were full of messages with connotative meanings on the interconnected and narrativized relationship of texted songs (songs with words) and the moving images in the film.
Film, Nollywood film productions, song, soundtrack, Yoruba cultural songs
The productivity of teachers and the availability and utilisation of material resources in Public Primary schools in Osun State, Nigeria.
This study examined the productivity of teachers and the availability and utilisation of material resources in public primary schools in Osun State. There were 234 public elementary schools in Osun State, dispersed among 30 local governments and 1 area office. The study sample consisted of 600 teachers and 100 head teachers. The samples were selected using multi-stage sampling techniques and purposeful sampling. Two self-designed instruments were used to collect relevant data for the study. These comprise the Productivity of Teachers' Questionnaire (PTQ) and the Availability and Utilisation of Resources Questionnaire (AURQ). The instruments' face and content validity were confirmed, and test-retest reliability coefficients were 0.85 and 0.80 for the PTQ and AURQ, respectively. Both descriptive and inferential statistics were used in the analysis of the gathered data. Every hypothesis put forth was examined at the significance level of 0.05. The results indicated that Osun State's public primary schools had a moderate level of instructional resources available. The survey also showed that few teachers were utilising the teaching aids as part of their lesson plans. The study discovered that teacher productivity is impacted by the use of the educational resources that the government provides for schools. There was a significant relationship between the availability of materials resources and teachers' productivity. It was recommended that seminars and workshops should be organised for public primary school teachers to promote greater interaction and exchange of ideas on how best to improve teaching through the usage of the available instructional materials in the state. School management should at all times make available adequate instructional materials that will foster learning and enhance the efficient performance of teachers.
Primary education, resources, instructional resources, and physical resource.
Decolonising African Art Pedagogical Practice: Extrapolating the Context of Artistic Erudition in Nigeria
There is a global trend towards decolonising knowledge output,particularly on the African continent and, by extension, Nigeria in West Africa. This raises questions about the nature of Western educational philosophy, which is viewed as having an impact on individual growth, achievement, self-actualization, and society expectations. Still, this paradigm is unsuitable for the African environment, indicating an attempt to westernise the African art curriculum. Since the post-republican era in Nigeria, scholars have argued about the heterogeneity that comes with instruction communication and the incapacity of its environment to achieve human development and societal transformation. However, there is a paucity of research into the peculiarity of the African art education setting, which would allow for adequate absorption of what distinguishes African knowledge production from that of the West or Global North. This study provides a case study analysis of how practical art knowledge is distributed in Nigeria in order to obtain insight into how the curriculum material compares to other contexts around the world. This paper explores how practical art knowledge is taught in apprentice or internship settings, as well as less formal college and university settings. According to the study, there is occasionally a gap between how art instruction is disseminated and the socioeconomic environment outside of school in Nigeria. The study reveals that there appears to be a lesser disconnect of these elements in in western or northern contexts. Bearing this in mind, this paper argues that the decolonisation of pedagogical practice in the arts should be considered in the perspective of diverse requirements for artist in Nigeria and in Africa as the case applies. The comprehension of specific context of knowledge production in Nigeria stand a chance of providing a model for decolonising pedagogical practice in Nigeria.
Decolonising, Africa, Pedagogy, Extrapolating, Artistic, Erudition, Nigeria
Immanent skills and entrepreneurial dispositions among visual artists in Nigeria
There are identified specific entrepreneurial potentials inherent in visual arts. Some temperaments of an entrepreneur are noticeable in a visual artist. What are these related dispositions? What kind of education required to excel as an art entrepreneur? The incorporation of entrepreneurship education in Nigeria's advanced learning institutions is commendable. Nevertheless, there is need for graduates to study the business of enterprising techniques. The necessity to sensitize the consciousness of visual artists is premised around the importance of self-reliance, to strive to be a job creator, rather than being an employment applicant, which contributes to economy of the society at large.
Entrepreneur, Self-reliant, Visual artist, Disposition, Entrepreneurship education
Values of Graphic Art Forms' Usage in Road Traffic Direction and Instruction along Ibadan-Oyo Expressway, Southwest Nigeria
Graphic art forms serve as an effective means of transmitting information through signs and symbols. Graphic communication in road signage should effectively provide direction and instructions on the road to avert accidents. Road accidents along the Ibadan-Oyo Expressway in Nigeria may be due to ineffective road signage usage and limited awareness and knowledge of its communicative values. This paper examined graphic art form usage in road signage, with a view to determining its directional and instructional values to road users. A descriptive survey research design was adopted for this study. The study population comprised a total of 15,600 road users, transport associations and traffic management agencies on expressways daily, from which a sample of 200 respondents was randomly selected. The study found that the materials used in producing road traffic signage along expressways were inadequate, and this affected their functionalities. It also revealed that graphic road signage was useful in providing directions to road users, though vandals and bush burning had destroyed most of the signs. Road signs provided instructions to road users, but many were covered by bushes on expressways, and over-speeding was partly caused by poor functionality of road signs. The paper concluded that graphic traffic signage plays an important role as a means of transmitting directional and instructional messages, but it has not been effectively utilised and managed for traffic regulations. It recommended the usage of high-quality materials in producing traffic signage, improved traffic safety education, and increased awareness of the value of road signage.
Graphic art, road traffic, directional value, instructional value, expressway
Waste Pollution: An Artist Role In Waste Management In The 21st Century
Since the advent of urbanization, issue of waste in environment, and there is a lot within the socio-economic, cultural and political context of any nation resurges with bright challenge at a global level with increasing vibrancy. This resurgence is critical to health and life discourses everywhere. This paper tried to highlight the efficacy of discarded wastes and its creativity use in the environment with governmental approach to finding a solution to it menace in the society. It also discusses relationship and role of creativity in the environment and the theory of representation in visual art. The paper also examines different works of sculptors who has in one way or the other explore different wastes object into sculptural form. One will agree that creativity and the environment are inseparable and could stand on one leg to survive. The methodology explored in this project involved both primary and secondary sources of data collection. Primary sources included observation, examination and review of previous works and studies related to the way each artists uses his found object to give the environment a better life. The secondary sources include images/photographs from internet and journal articles. The analysis used includes descriptive analysis, which involves the interpretation of theme and meaning of work piece.
Wastes, Waste Management, Environment, Sculpture, Recycling, Metal Sculpture
The Prospect And Challenges Of Digital Technique In Sculptural Production Among Selected Practitionals In Nigeria
Nigeria has become an important canter for the production of sculptural works that utilize a variety of different digital techniques in recent years, the number of practitioners engaging in digital sculptural works has grown significantly, whether they be individual artists, collectives, or commercial enterprises. The paper however stem on social learning theory through interaction with new media. This article reviews paper also provides an overview of the history and development of digital sculptural production in Nigeria. This includes an examination of the introduction and growth of digital technologies, the creative processes employed and the range of different materials and tools used, the benefits and challenges of digital sculptural in Nigeria. This includes a discussion of the potential to expand the artistic horizons, the needs for quality assurance for quality digital sculptural works, and the demand for more formalized training for digital sculptural techniques. The paper however concludes that digital sculptural production has the potential to provide a lot of solution to the challenges facing Nigeria. Adopting this technique will provide employment for art professionals who are digital sculptor, improve their standard of living and industrial output. The paper however recommended that more robust education and training programs should be supported for digital sculptor, there should be improvements in quality assurance, and the establishment of professional networks, with the right resources in place, digital sculptural production in Nigeria could provide a powerful platform for artistic expression and creative exploration.
Sculptural Production, Prospect, Challenges, Digital Technique Practitioners
Exploring Photography as viable Entrepreneurship practices in Western Nigeria through a study of Lagos State youth population.
Art is a unique field of study and beneficial to both the artist and its audience. It is beneficial to the audience for its various social, utility, and historical values and beneficial to the artist as a trade and a very viable platform for entrepreneurship. It avails the artist the opportunity to engage in several marketable practices in a small and medium-scale enterprise (SME). Most recent SMEs in western Nigeria are formed on the basis of artistic skills and practices, some of which include but are not limited to the following: New Media Graphics Productions, Large Format Printing, Computer Graphics and Designs, Product Promotion, Advertising, Studio Art Practices, Exhibition, Digital Photography Studios, Digital Photo-Lab and Signage (Indoor and Outdoor). This study chooses to assess photography practices for their diverse opportunities and highly artistic professional dispositions to assess their position in Nigerian small and medium-scale establishments and their impact on job creation and economic growth. The study adopts both primary and secondary sources to investigate the topic. The qualitative research approach with semi-structured interviews is used. The Social Cognitive Career Theory developed by Robert W. Lent, Steven D. Brown, and Gail Hackett in 1994 is adopted for this study.
Utility, entrepreneurship, marketable, large format, exhibition
Traffic Chaos and Lock jam on Lagos Roads: Visual Expression of Select Lagos-Based Artists
Existing studies on transportation system of Lagos over time focused on the visual account of travellers and slogans printed on cars, buses and trucks particularly commercial vehicles. But little attention has been paid to the diverse ways transportation disorder such as, chaos and lock jam are represented in artistic works of Lagos-based visual artists. Therefore, this study was designed to examine the representation of traffic chaos in the paintings of Festus Adeyemi, Bolaji Ogunwo, Ishola Matthew and Dolapo Ogunnusi who are contemporary artists in the city of Lagos, with a view to offering an interpretive schema on the works of the selected artists. Douglas Kiel and Euel Elliott theory of chaos, which opined that instability and disorder were essential to the evolution of complexity in the universe was adopted as framework. Sixteen paintings were purposely selected as samples. Qualitative data were obtained through interviews of the four artists whose works were selected. Painting works of the selected artists and the interviews were subjected to narrative descriptions. The artists actualised the complication in urban Lagos transportation, and gave visual expression to the impatience of drivers and other road users, which resulted in traffic gridlocks. Colour and other artistic elements guided by art principles accurately projected the works and made them lexical. Transportation chaos on the streets of Lagos and how the artists have generated the creative ideas represent instability and disorderliness in the Lagos public space made up this work
Visual artist, Lagos, Painting, Transportation, Chaos, Traffic gridlock
Drama and Social Reconstruction: Emeka Nwabueze's A Parliament of Vultures in Focus
This paper highlights the role of drama as an instrument of social reconstruction. The paper posits that drama, at any given time, mirrors the social situation of any given place. The playwright is not only influenced by the society; he also influences it. Through the revolutionary works of the playwright, which focus on and criticise such evils as corruption, injustice, nepotism, bribery, economic sabotage, oppression, power-mongering, human degradation, cultural and mental colonialism and anti-democratic practices, the society may be persuaded to cultivate principles of good governance. The paper is an analytical study of Emeka Nwabueze's A Parliament of Vultures. Content analysis of the work is made. The findings reveal that drama is indeed a veritable instrument of change and a potent force which promotes nation-building.
Social reconstruction, democratic habits, self-aggrandisement, corruption, parliament
Satire and Political Commentary: A Pedagogics of Wole Soyinka and Dario Fo's Selected Works.
The study argues that political satire helps to confront and lampoon political anomalies as an effort to dissuade political leaders from political corruption while, remarkably, pursuing political integrity and conscientious leadership. The primary texts for the study are Wole Soyinka's A Play of Giants (1984) and Dario Fo's Mistero Buffo (1988). Engaging the works of these two winners of the Nobel Prize in Literature calls for a close and meticulous study of the primary texts. A Play of Giants, as a single drama piece, is closely engaged in this study. Mistero Buffo is a scripted drama sketch. The study examines three play-lets in the collection known as The Comic Mysteries. The study concludes that both Soyinka and Fo drive their audiences towards resisting all forms of tyranny, political oppression, and a possible equitable world.
Political satire, commentary, corruption, drama and leadership
Social realism in the Theatre of Gbenga Windapo's How I wish and Femi Adedina's Time and Tide
It is disturbing to see how severe social issues have become in our society. All human disciplines are challenged by the unpleasant situation. Artists, playwrights, directors, novelists, poets, and other creatives have devoted their careers to the fight against societal immorality over the years. Therefore, in light of this context, this research will examine some of these social issues through a critical analysis of Femi Adedina's Time and Tide and Gbenga Windapo's How I Wish portrayed in performance. These Dramatic works will show some of the social issues that are currently plaguing society, like injustice, poverty, drug trafficking, oppression and the like. Corruption is often cited as the root cause of these issues. This paper adopts textual analyses as a methodology. The study concludes and suggests that Nigerian dramatists and playwrights should keep up the trend of exposing the country's numerous social issues in order to achieve social realism.
Corruption, social realism, social issues, creativity, theatre
Bridging Ethnicity and Religious Divide for Peaceful Co-existence in Nigeria
This paper seeks to examine the various cases of ethnicity and religious violence that have divided Nigerians as a nation and how it can be abridged for a peaceful co-existence using historical methods. It traces reasons for such crises as the merging together of the northern and southern protectorates without taking cognisance of the African people's similarities and dissimilarities in terms of structural constitutions, cultures, language, values system and ethnic make-up, which has been the major cause of the incessant ethno-religious conflicts in Nigeria. Nigeria, like any multi-ethnic and multi-religious nation, is bound to experience such changes depending on how the inter-faith-based organisations at both local and international levels handle the responsibilities of mediating and reconciling warring groups. If those saddled with such responsibilities are adequately equipped with the knowledge of others' religious traditions, proper interpretation and education of the Books (Bible & Quran) and apply conflict prevention techniques whenever issues of ethno-religious crises arise, it will not always lead to crises. Since all religions preach peace, it is expected that we become more tolerant of each other and see ourselves as God's creation. This work examines the causes of ethnic and religious conflicts as well as their effects on Nigeria as a nation. The recommendations made include embracing the philosophy of inclusiveness as commanded in the scriptures and in the wording of our national anthem, which states, “Thou tribe and tongue may differ, in brotherhood we stand.”
Ethnicity, religious crises, ethnocentrism, co-existence
Post Bakassi Conflict: Exploring the New Issues Shaping Nigeria-Cameroon Relation
This paper explored Nigeria-Cameroon relations in the post-Bakassi conflict era. It specifically examined new issues apart from the Bakassi Peninsula ownership tussle. Data for the study was gathered through secondary sources such as articles in journals, newspaper publications, and online materials. Data was analysed using content analysis. The results revealed that floods in Nigeria, border disputes, refugee crisis, separatist alliance between IPOB and Ambazonia, insurgent attacks, and insecurity in border areas are the news issues shaping their relations. It concluded that both countries had cooperated more than they disagreed in the post-conflict era.
Insecurity, post-Bakassi conflict, cooperation, border dispute, and flooding
The Role and Functions of Music in the Zangbeto Festival of Ajara-Vetho, Badagry
African festivals provide opportunities for socialisation and communal gatherings that promote unity and peaceful co-existence among people irrespective of cultural bias and interest. The paper focuses on the celebration of the Zangbeto festival, which is one of many cultural expressions and heritage among the Ogu people of Badagry and beyond, in Ajara-Vetho. In this light, this article examines the importance of music in the Zangbeto festival and its relevance to Ajara-Vetho communal life. Apart from being an avenue for celebrating rich cultural heritage, investigations were made into how Zangbeto transcended the physical to become a spiritual product, developed over time to perform religious, economic and social roles. In-depth oral interviews were conducted among randomly selected indigenes and devotees during fieldwork. Music recordings were collected through the participant's observation method and were transcribed after fieldwork. Findings indicate that traditional festivals in this community have been influenced by acculturation. However, various transcribed song texts and their performances in the community provide evidence that traditional festivals are still religiously observed and are an integral part of Ogu Badagry. Zangbeto festival needs revitalisation and re-positioning for continuity. Preservation and promotion of this rich cultural festival beyond the Badagry community is imperative.
Festival, culture, Zangbeto, Zanho, cultural heritage
Digital Technology and the Future of Live Music Performance in Nigeria
This paper explores the intersection of technology, creativity, and live performance in the Nigerian music industry, focusing on the ways in which the fourth industrial revolution, popularly known as Industry 4.0, is shaping the future of this important cultural institution. It also addresses how technological advancements and digital transformation are reshaping the landscape of the music industry and influencing the way live music is created, consumed and experienced in Nigeria. The paper also examines how virtual reality technology is creating new opportunities for immersive concert experiences, allowing fans to feel like they are part of the show even when they cannot physically attend. Drawing on the theoretical framework of technological change and innovation diffusion developed by Everett Rogers, the paper explores how technologies are transforming the live music experiences for both artists and audiences. The paper employs a qualitative approach, using in-depth interviews with music industry professionals, including musicians, producers, and promoters, as well as music consumers. The research findings unveil a forthcoming surge in the integration of technology within live music performances, a rise in hybrid performance formats, and an enhanced level of interactive engagement among live music audiences. This paper concludes by underscoring the imperative need for robust infrastructural development, encompassing reliable network connectivity and well-equipped concert venues, alongside stringent measures to safeguard intellectual property rights. These are deemed essential in realising the envisioned future of technologically enriched and culturally resonant live music performances in Nigeria.
Live music, music performance, industry 4.0, music technology
Popular Ubuntu (humaneness) song themes of South Western, Nigeria as pedagogical tools for moral development in contemporary classroom
Music is a potent tool for moral instruction in Nigerian schools, embedded in cultural pedagogies to nurture values and character development among primary pupils. However, a dearth of academic exploration exists in its practical implementation. This paper explores Ubuntun moral song-based instruction in ten (10) primary schools in Osun State, revealing insights through classroom observations, teacher interviews, and student focus groups. Investigate the integration of Ubuntun moral songs in pedagogical practices. Explore teachers' methods of translating musical content into moral messages. A mixed-methods approach that includes classroom observations, teacher interviews, and student focus groups was used. The outcome of the study shows student receptiveness to moral instruction through songs. Identify prevalent Ubuntun moral themes conveyed through music. Assess the effectiveness of singalongs and group discussions in reinforcing moral values. Teachers consciously use moral music to highlight ethical issues, employing singalongs and group discussions. The study concludes that students relate moral scenarios in Ubuntun songs to contemporary societal issues, showcasing the relevance of moral instruction through music. Recommendations include sustained student engagement, linking virtues with practical ethics, and participatory teaching methods. These practices aim to reinforce positive values within Nigeria's cultural landscape by harnessing music's power.
morals, education, music pedagogy, Nigerian schools
The Role of Information and Communication Technology (ICT) in Teaching and Language Learning.
Information Communication Technology (ICT) can be referred to as an electronic device used for effective interaction online with a larger audience, especially in the context of teaching and learning. ICT is performing flagship roles in the digital revolution of teaching and learning. The age today has some other associated terms, such as the Information Age and Computer Age. The digital age has a great influence on education, especially in the areas of the application of ICT to library services and classroom interactions between learners and educators. Consequently, the concept of pedagogy is gradually shifting from the traditional chalk-and-talk method to the ICT world, where we find both e-teaching and e-learning. It is a revolution in pedagogy where teachers can apply their knowledge of ICT to teach language, leveraging the ever-growing e-resources that are made available on the library database. This means that the 'emerging role of ICT and the use of resources is remarkably and dramatically changing the fabrics of learners' ability to learn very fast. By exploring the theory of digitalisation of Ines Mergel (2016), this paper examines the roles of ICT in language pedagogy relating to teachers in the preparation of lecture notes, lecture delivery through virtual class, conference papers, language testing, accessing e-resources and students when seeking online registration, preparing assignments, engaging in e-learning, leveraging e-library, and attempting e-examination. It is recommended that all categories of teachers and learners should embrace the workings of the library and ICT in order to make judicious use of it for the benefit of learners.
Digital Age, E-learning, E-reading, Ict Roles, Teaching
Achieving Social Security in Nigeria through Wealth Generation and Management in Islam
finance and ethical investment practices, the research explores how adhering to Islamic principles can contribute to economic stability and societal well-being. It investigates the role of zakat (charitable giving), community-based support systems, and ethical business conduct in fostering wealth creation and equitable distribution. By analysing the compatibility of Islamic principles with Nigeria's socioeconomic context, the study aims to provide insights into viable strategies for promoting social security and economic prosperity in the country. This study delves into the principles of wealth generation and management in Islam, presenting it as a viable paradigm for achieving social security in Nigeria. By examining Islamic finance, ethical investment practices, and zakat (charitable giving), it elucidates how these principles can contribute to economic stability and societal well-being. Furthermore, the research explores the role of community-based support systems and ethical business conduct in fostering wealth creation and equitable distribution. Through a comprehensive analysis of Islamic principles within Nigeria's socioeconomic context, the study aims to suggest recommendations for policymakers and stakeholders to develop social security and economic prosperity in the country. Semi-structured interviews and focus group discussions were conducted with experts, policymakers, scholars, and practitioners in Islamic finance, economics, and Nigerian socioeconomic development to gather insights, perspectives, and experiences related to the research questions. The paper concluded that the principles of wealth generation and management in Islam are applicable to achieving social security in Nigeria.
Economic stability, ethical investment, wealth generation, wealth management, social security
Traditional History of Benin Kingdom in Nigeria
This study examined the undisputed history of the Binis in Nigeria's Benin Kingdom, Edo State of Nigeria. A significant population in Nigeria's Midwest exist as the Bini. However, there are no confirmed records on when and if the Bini (Edo) left the Nile Valley. It was discovered that Ogiso was the name of Benin's first leader. This paper tries to evaluate the Binis evolution through a multidisciplinary process. The paper using a perceptual, interpretive, observable, and elucidative methodology goes through records to explore the history of the Bini people. Some previously unknown facts about the history of the Bini are revealed by through the review and materials studied. One main point arising from the examination of Bini traditional history is the fact that there are information concerning the evolution of Bini people and there is the need to research further in authentication of the truth of how the Binis came to where they inhabit presently.
Multidisciplinary, Mid-West Nigeria, Igodomigodo, Bini, Edo Kingdom
MAMUDU, Ganni Kashetu, PhD. MAMUDU, Ganni Kashetu, PhD.
Examining Music and Language interface in a comparative study of Old and Contemporary Pop Music and their effects on Nigerian Youths
The crux of this study is to examine how language is used in the lyrics of some selected old and contemporary pop music and the effects on Nigerian youths. A multi-sampling and comparative methods of analysis were adopted in the analysis of data. The study also adopted sociolinguistics as the theoretical model. Four songs were selected from old and contemporary artistes. The lyrics of their songs were categorized into vulgar, codified or inoffensive expressions and subjected to critical analysis and interpretation. Findings show that the lyrics of songs of old pop musicians were decorous with lucid language, that is language that is embedded with meaningful expressions and conform with societal values and norms. In the contrary, most of the expressions in emergent pop music were mostly erotic, substance abuse, thuggery, cybercrime, nudity, sexual abuse and fantasies amongst other social vices. The paper concludes that the nation is at great risk if contemporary artistes failed to emulate old musicians whose songs are full of wisdom and teach moral values and desist from producing songs that will have negative effects on the society. It is therefore recommended that government and regulatory body in charge of music production and promotion should discourage the production and sale of vulgar music. This is imperative for a sustainable peace, development and moral value in our society.
Language, music, lyrics, vulgar, sustainable peace, moral value
OLOKO, Mohammed Jamiu. PhD. OLOKO, Mohammed Jamiu. PhD.
AWOSELU, Oyinkansola Ayomide. AWOSELU, Oyinkansola Ayomide.
Integrating Art Analysis And Appreciation Into Subjects Areas And Disciplines Through Art Criticism And Interdisciplinary Learning
The quest for teaching aids and multi-media resources for teaching, and learning and the overriding interest in creating meaning in all disciplines is the motivation for this study. This all important drive for creating meaning through a multi-strategy of interdisciplinary nature in the context of this study identified as Art Criticism, calls for the inquiry into interdisciplinary learning due to its numerous benefits. The art has been seen by many as a subject area or discipline that has little or no relevance to other fields of study. In view of these preconceived notions, this study proposes that integrating art analysis and appreciation into teaching and learning will not only correct this notion but also create a more rewarding and all inclusive interdisciplinary method of teaching and learning. Therefore, this research highlights the relevance of arts in interdisciplinary learning and explores the ways that art criticism and learning could be used to integrate art analysis and appreciation into other subjects as an interdisciplinary enterprise. This research adopts Richard Mayer's Multimedia Cognitive Learning Theory to explain the effectiveness of integrated teaching and learning, using art and multimedia in multidisciplinary or interdisciplinary approach. The methodology adopted for this research is basically qualitative research method with historical and deductive approaches used. This is achieved through documentary observation and textual references in the analysis and as means to advance the argument of the study. The study concludes that the evidence that sufficed the fact that the integration of art criticism and interdisciplinary learning has the potential to promote students' engagement in interdisciplinary understanding. This research recommends that art criticism is a means through which teaching and learning experience across disciplines is enhanced.
Art Criticism, Interdisciplinary Learning, Art Analysis, Appreciation
CHORBE, Daniel Ayuba CHORBE, Daniel Ayuba
Writing and Performing against Examination Malpractice in Selected Secondary Schools in Pankshin Local Government Area of Plateau State.
Examination malpractice is a huge challenge to formal education at all levels. Students, teachers, parents and examination supervisors have been indicted on several occasions leading to embarrassing headlines on print, radio, television and social media. While there are laid down punishment for Examination Malpractice as prescribed by the Examination Malpractice Act, this worrisome practice is still on the rise. The researcher in an attempt to discourage the act of Examination Malpractice among secondary school students initiated an outreach to twelve (12) secondary schools in Pankshin local government area of Plateau State. This Theatre in Education approach featured dramatized plays written by the researcher and performed by young amateurs trained by him for the project. Selective interviews were carried out among the students to gauge the impact of the play. It was discovered that the consequences of Examination Malpractice revealed in the play- Mr. Malpractice were better appreciated through the play than the warnings read out to them in a formal class. It was recommended that plays with strong moral and social consequences on Examination Malpractice be encouraged for presentation in secondary schools so as to discourage this act among the students. The paper concludes that partnership with faith-based drama organization like the Theatre mass Consult Linkages can help to stem the tide of Examination Malpractice in society.
Examination Malpractice, Students, Play, Secondary Schools, Society.
IWEHA, Iheanacho Chukwuma IWEHA, Iheanacho Chukwuma